50 Years Ago….
Well, not quite. This recording was made in 2012 and read over the airwaves today. The proclamation was originally read over the radio by radio announcer Steven Lee. As you can tell, Lee Kuan Yew was already getting on in years and his speech was beginning to slur. This is what he sounded like 50 years ago:
Happy Birthday Singapore!
Tis a very interesting and useful discussion to be held about Lee Kuan Yew’s approach, which Fukuyama discusses at various points as a critical – instructive if exceptional – case. The relationship between forceful integration of a multi-ethnic populace as both exercise and production of state power is a sticky problem for a much larger country like the U.S.: It’s hard to imagine anything short of an interstellar cataclysm making Americans and for that matter the world comfortable with a U.S. state power capable of that much authority and effectiveness, but, if American state capacity must remain limited, then it would seem to set an upper limit on achievable national integration, too.Report
Positive social engineering works better on a small rather than large population because everything always seems more intimate. Singapore was about the size and population of a big city when it achieved and independence and in the present. Even if the various communities were separate, there was still a greater degree of closeness than in the United States because living completely apart was not anymore possible in Singapore than it was in the big American cities; where even though each group might have their own neighborhoods they still have to interact. Scaling positive social engineering up to deal with bigger populations and areas does not seem to work because many people find that they are being imposed on by outside forces that they can’t control.
Negative social engineering seems sadly workable at any level of population or area.Report