Government and the Principles of Swamp Drainage
I’m no political scientist. Neither am I an expert in your swamps, your fens, your wetlands, etc but I am a guy with an old and occasionally very wet basement. Driving through a storm to arrive home only to find that water is flowing downhill at a depth of eighteen inches through your basement will drive any homeowner to serious thought on amateur water management. Being a minutiae-obsessed guy with an English degree will drive you to overthink the aptness of metaphors.
Sometimes the two roads intersect, viz., too few people appreciate the nonsense that is the “level playing field” so desirable in myriad aspects of our society. The reality is that a great many playing fields in use are intentionally constructed with a crown running its length.
The “drain the swamp” metaphor is more apt, if one assumes that the water signifies the corrupting combination of money and power and the desirability of draining the swamp aforesaid is to rid the area of the foul, corrupted creatures.
There are three methods of managing an excess of water. First, one may reduce the amount of water entering the system in question. Secondly, one may give the water somewhere to go outside of the system, assuming you can assure the outflow is greater than the inflow. Third, one may use the natural properties of the water to encourage it to gather to a lesser depth in the system in question.
Only one of these, the last, is remotely practicable.
The first, to turn metaphor to reality, would require a massive reduction in the size and scope of the federal government. To do so would starve the government of influence and thus remove, for the most part, the incentive to corrupt. Why would industry seek to sway actors whose decisions have no influence on your bottom line?
Any student of American history post-Black Monday, 1929 America can see what a forlorn hope that is.
The second—hoping that government will use the corrupting influence of money at a greater rate than those seeking to corrupt itself—is, if I may be my natural, cynical self, the gambit employed by politicians who promise swamp drainage.
And how has that worked out?
The third option is, admittedly, something of a Hail Mary. It’s what the cartoon characters would mutter incoherently to each other before one would declare that it was a plan “so crazy that it just might work.”
May I return to non-metaphorical water management for a moment?
The solution to that eighteen inch flow of water through my basement was two fold. Firstly, I should avoid so-called once every century rain storms. Secondly, I should dig my sump hole deeper.
I managed the first, but not as well as you might think.
That said, for those without basement drainage issues, or even basements — I’m looking at you, Alamo — I should explain the second solution.
Imagine a floor, a straight line, with a wavy line for our purposes below and parallel—and uncomfortably close—to the floor. The floor is, well, your floor. The wavy line is the water table underground. Given enough rain, the water level will rise sufficiently to bring the water table above the level of the floor.
One solution to this problem is the sump pump. You dig a hole below the level of the floor and sink a pump into it. When water reaches the level of the pump, the pump is activated and the hole is drained, sending the water to some innocuous area, effectively diverting and distributing some of the water, not allowing it to concentrate in the problem area, your basement.
So how do we apply a metaphorical sump pump to the metaphorical swamp that is Washington, D.C.? By distributing the corrupting influence of money and power over a larger area.
Would it not be manifestly better, in the current age, to have the Department of Agriculture based somewhere in the Corn Belt?
I confess, even without the swamp drawing effects I think it would be a far better thing for bureaucrats to rub shoulders with the very people their dictates impact most directly.
Should the Department of Indian Affairs be located in Washington or the Desert Southwest? I would argue the latter.
State, Defense? Washington, surely.
The Department of Labor should be found in a place with far more industry than Washington.
The Department of Energy should be found in a place where energy is produced or processed.
The Department of Veterans Affairs should be found low on a waiting list, frustrated and feeling betrayed.
Perhaps the Department of Health and Human Services should be found in some biotech corridor.
The FBI should probably be housed in Chicago and the DEA in Mexico City—I’m mostly kidding on the latter, though I have long shot policy on America’s drug and immigration problems that could draw it closer to reality—but the general idea of spreading the various parts of the executive branch around the country to be in the neighborhood of the people most impacted by their function would seem to me to be a reasonable way to both perform that function and decentralize the potentially corrupting influence of money and power away from Washington. It would also reduce the chasm between the governing and the governed in ways that would be mutually beneficial to both.
My penchant for absurdity aside, I submit to you the reader that this is a far, far better distribution of the Federal Government than we currently have. Are the economic impacts of moving these departments out of the suburban Washington area recovered by those which might be realized by the areas they would find themselves in?
I’d like to think so, but I’m no economist.
I welcome any and all feedback on this idea, which I admit is only theoretically practicable.
We are in contentious times.
The problem of buy-in.
The benefits of DC include being that close to all the levers of power. You work at the Dept. of Ag? Have lunch with someone who works at the Dept. of Ed.!
Friday night, go on a date with someone from the FTC! Maybe even get lucky!
You start putting these things where they’d make sense to be, suddenly they lose cachet.
You’re effectively removing a benefit from working there. And *THAT* is the roadblock that we need to figure out.Report
This is how the government keeps functioning across the wild swings of administrations and changes in Congress. We even host formal cross-agency trainings so people understand what other people do. Not really sure why you think this is an example of corruption.Report
I’m not saying it’s an example of corruption. I’m saying that everybody being in bed together (even if it isn’t corrupt) is an example of a benefit of having all of the stuff in DC instead of having Ag in the breadbasket and Ed in the middle of what must surely be the best school districts in the country.
(Would the agencies still be able to work if they had to Zoom? I mean, I’m open to the argument that this plan wouldn’t have worked in the 90’s for the reasons you mention, but it is 2021.)Report
I think its worth pointing out that 85% of federal government employees work outside the Washington DC Mero Area.
https://www.opm.gov/policy-data-oversight/data-analysis-documentation/federal-employment-reports/reports-publications/federal-civilian-employment/Report
Oh don’t go spoiling everyone’s fun.Report
Jinx!Report
7.56% of the federal government works in Washington DC. Many Feds go there, work a few years to climb the ladder, and then return to the hinterlands. An even larger percentage never darken a door in DC. Yes, there is a disproportionately large private sector contracting presence in DC in support of the federal government, but hat’s mostly because we decided in the Clinton Administration to farm out more “non-governmental” functions to the private sector.
SO move the Bureau of Land Management HQ to Colorado. Trump did. Most of the senior career people retired. and BLM’s HQ is coming back to the Nation’s capitol where and HQ for a national agency belongs.
(https://www.opm.gov/policy-data-oversight/data-analysis-documentation/federal-employment-reports/reports-publications/federal-civilian-employment/)Report
And adding that Motoeconomist is correct – taking in Maryland and Virginia the total rises to 15%. Which, in the grand scheme of things is a fairly small workforce.Report
Heavily weighted to the high end and decision makers, though. That’s long been a complaint of state governments in the West — the vast majority of federal lands are in the West, but the policy makers for Ag and Interior were all in the DC area.Report
Those high end decision makers are political appointees, and Congress likes to reach out and touch them whenever they get ticked about something. We made the Capitol in the east when that was all there was of the nation, so unless we move it to Kansas City or Denver this is how it is.Report
Our own Will Truman usually suggests Kansas City. I suggest that the federal government buy a 10-mile square north of North Platte, NE and build a new district. Wouldn’t cost that much to build an airport, up-to-date physical facility for Congress, the President, the Supreme Court, and their staffs, and housing for same. Might also provide some encouragement for Congress to stay in town and finish their business by June or July, like in the really old days.
Just kidding. Me at least. Will might be more serious. Although I would be interested in seeing how YHPS law school grads feel about living in central Nebraska.Report
I’d add that the usual swamp-related complaints include the lobbyists and Washington insiders and press corps.Report
Well put. The major decision makers are in DC which is the point of the essay.Report
I completely confused as to what the logic of this essay is meant to be.
Like, moving the Dept. of Ag to Iowa means, what, that the corrupting moneyed elites won’t be able to find it there?
Or that somehow farmers in Iowa are unable to contact the bureaucrats who are so far away, so very far away, all the way over there at the keyboard?Report
Iowa isn’t (yet) heavily populated with 5 star restaurants that lobbyists and their targets so enjoy.Report
Eh, those would get built if this happened and I am sure every state capital has watering holes that lobbyists can take state legislatures too. I think this is one of those hazy ideas that make sense in a blowhard in a bar kind of way.Report
Note I said ‘yet’, which implies that if things moved around, the money would follow and the necessary infrastructure (5 star restaurants) would develop.Report
Public financing of political campaigns, stronger campaign finance laws with teeth, and laws discouraging revolving doors between civil service and private practice are more likely to “drain the swamp” or whatever over a whack stunt like this.Report
AgreedReport
The problem really is the question of what the levers of power can do. The more power government has, the more incentive people have to influence it through means legal or otherwise.
The issue with this article is a case of special pleading, in that the wrong people have the ear of the power holders, and if we could only deny the wrong people that access, while enabling the right people…Report
They tried to do this by moving the Bureau of Land Management to Grand Junction, CO. What happened was all the experienced people are taking early retirement, or taking a job still close to DC, where they’ve lived their whole professional lives.
It’s weird that people think it’s fine for industries to have hubs where most people in that industry work, but if it’s the government, the key to efficiency and success is spreading people thousands of miles apart.Report
Getting people to leave was the goal. They could have moved the HQ to the Denver Federal Center (in Lakewood) where there are thousands of federal employees, many at high civil service level, where they have a commuter rail station that will deliver you to the check-in line at DIA in an hour for any of the many daily nonstop flights to DC (or elsewhere). Or like the US Patent Office, into some of the millions of square feet of new office space available in Denver for a fraction of DC rates. Or even into the regional BLM office in another of the west Denver suburbs. The then Republican US Senator from Colorado pretty clearly liked having them in Colorado but was taken aback by the idea of sticking them out in Grand Junction.Report
As a separate thought, the one thing in the universe that Justice Clarence Thomas and I agree on is that a US Supreme Court filled with justices who all came from one of two or three law schools, and who spent essentially all of their pre-SCOTUS professional career somewhere between Boston and DC, is not a good idea. Kennedy surprised the East Coast pundits from time to time with a “western” decision. Gorsuch has already surprised them once.Report
Gorsuch is an utter nihilist who is willing to wreck havoc if he thinks it would lead to the correct decision. He is also a Columbia undergrad, Harvard Law, and did all those things Thomas complains of. I’m pretty sure Thomas would scream “but that’s not what I meant” if Biden were to nominate a criminal defense lawyer or plaintiff personal injury lawyer to the Supreme Court.Report
Thomas being a hypocrite doesn’t mean his stated argument is wrong.Report
I don’t really see how spreading out the Federal Government helps here Bryan. DC doesn’t contain a large number of would-be corruptors by some cosmic accident, it has them because that’s where decisions are made about government spending. If you move the decisional authority the swamp will follow.
To me one of the important aspects to reducing corruption is understanding that it’s not money that creates corruption it’s discretion. Tax brakes that are offered to “economically important” companies invites corruption in a way that lower taxes across the board does not. The same can be said of may issue vs shall issue permitting or highly restrictive regulations with discretionary exemptions vs less restive rules that apply equally to everyone.
I guess I advocate for your option 2 (pump the water somewhere else), and for me transparent, legible rule-based programmes are a sort of reservoir that can take the water without creating a wetland.Report
This!Report