Morning Ed: Economics {2017.05.03.W}
John Cochrane argues that economists need to express more humility. (This is true of a lot of people, almost in inverse relationship to how much humility they are actually showing at the moment.)
A look at poverty in the world.
Syed Kamall argues that the best way to help the poor is to lend them money.
Never mind happiness, James Pethokoukis wants economic growth.
Madsen Pirie raises the banner of neoliberalism, while George Monbiot says that it’s creating a loneliness that is wrenching society apart.
Ryan Khurana wonders why the UK is so hostile to innovation.
Buying 100% French appears to be really difficult.
For Sale: Communism for Kids. (I dunno, seems like a pretty dark story for children…)
Neoliberalism might be creating the loneliness that is driving society apart but hell is other people. Loneliness does seem in the uptake and it is crushing many humans because we are very social animals. Most people also don’t have the mental equipment to handle loneliness to. Yet, people bounded together in the past just as much for survival as for the fact we are social beings. One reason why people married relatively quickly was because to be single was guaranteed poverty for most, especially if you had young kids via dead spouse. People had to endure some very bad situations like domestic violence or simply being hitched to a person that drove you bonkers because of the economic need for social union.
In our wealthier world, more people can live alone and not have to endure these horrible situations. Social Democratic Sweden as the highest percentage of people living alone in the world. This is seen by the proponents of social democracy as a good thing because it makes social bonds voluntary. The problem is that humans are rigged to be social and loneliness crushes you.Report
The “loneliness” article is a trainwreck though. For example:
Is it any wonder, in these lonely inner worlds, in which touching has been replaced by retouching, that young women are drowning in mental distress? A recent survey in England suggests that one in four women between 16 and 24 have harmed themselves, and one in eight now suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder. Anxiety, depression, phobias or obsessive compulsive disorder affect 26% of women in this age group. This is what a public health crisis looks like.
Perhaps, but this is what “throwing a pile a shit at the wall and hoping some sticks” looks like. To make his case, he would need to draw some kind of causal link between “selfies” and “retouches” and “lonely inner worlds.” Speaking for myself, I grew up with much anxiety, and I’m fairly certain I experienced undiagnosed CPTSD. But I wouldn’t have been visible in these kinds of statistics, because no one ever asked.
It seems plausible that loneliness is a problem. It seems plausible that our society is more disjoint. Fine. But if the author wants to make that point, he should make it, instead of confusing it with a confusing litany of “all that ails us,” with no evidence connecting these supposed social ills.
After all, selfie apps are fun. I share selfies with my friends. They share theirs with me. We enjoy each other. This author, on the other hand, seems like a disagreeable scold.
Maybe he needs to get out more. Friends might help.Report
It also seems plausible that a lot of these problems that seem to be “increasing” may just be more-diagnosed now (they are beginning to say that about autism) or people are more willing to cop to “Yeah, I’m lonely and feel like crap” than they were sixty years ago.
I dunno. I’m a single person and most of the time I’m pretty content. I’m busy; I have friends at work and at church and elsewhere. My bigger complaint is not having enough time to do the stuff I want to do….
I feel lonely sometimes but doesn’t everyone? I mean, isn’t that kind of one of the downsides of sentience? And I know people who are in the middle of big and loving families who complain of feeling lonely, so compulsorily coupling the single does not seem to be the solution there.Report
Agreed, the loneliness article is pathetic. All these measures that we only started measuring in recent times are higher than when we didn’t measure them in the past. Blame neoliberalism!
Speaking for this homo at least I am extremely confident that there’re a lot of us who’re a hell of a lot happier now than ever before.
-But- in fairness at the end the author notes that this doesn’t require a policy change but rather a rethinking of everything people consider important.Report
It’s also the case that the social sanctions against solitary life have been relaxed, if not eliminated entirely. It’s certainly the case that up until the mid-70s there was a great deal of pressure on women in their early 20s to Get Married Now and a great deal of loveless arrangements resulted from that, but it did give you someone to talk to in the evenings.Report
Communists have kids and needed kid’s entertainment to.Report
I thought working on the collective farm was considered sufficient entertainment. Or marching in the Youth Corps Parade.Report
You forgot the youth brigade production of Mother Courage.Report
Heh. Mother Courage is a fun play and would make a good choice for an ambitious high school musical. That and Three Penny.Report
Communist countries struggled what to do with baby boomers when they reached their teens and twenties. They wanted to rock and Communists weren’t really for that.
On a lighter note, during one of the last Soviet trips into space, they took along a doll of a popular East German cartoon character for the kiddies.Report
One fish, two fish, Red fish – no fish.Report
Good news everybody. Authorities have acted on the Daddyofive family and removed the kids from the home. The kids other biological parents have been given custody.Report
The Tiffany Way: CBS, John Dickerson Silent on Stephen Colbert’s Profane, Gay-Baiting Attack on Trump
http://www.thegatewaypundit.com/2017/05/tiffany-way-cbs-john-dickerson-silent-stephen-colberts-profane-gay-baiting-attack-trump/
No surprise, i’m sure lots of liberals folks are secretly outraged though, or not.Report
David Letterman wasn’t that great, but things really went to hell after he left.Report
DOJ: One in Four Federal Inmates Is Foreign-Born. Justice Dept. says cost of incarcerating non-citizens in federal prisons exceeds $1.2 billion
http://www.lifezette.com/polizette/doj-one-four-federal-inmates-foreign-born/
But they just wanted to come here to make a better life, by being a criminal in America. It’s the land of opportunity, you know.Report
You got to put it in the context of the % of foreign born population of the US (13%), the % of prison population that is federal vice state & local (10%) and the non-US citizen population of state & local incarcerations (4%)Report
So if you massage the numbers the right way, it doesn’t look so bad?Report
And you can cherry pick numbers to make things look worse than they are.
The BOP site says there’s 189K total federal inmates. Which means 47K foreign born inmates – out of a population of 41 million people (who skew younger than the overall population, at that), so like a little over 1%
The only people that think all the problems in the US are about the 1% are dirty commies. You’re not a dirty commie, are you?Report
No, I’m deplorable to the core.Report
Context? What a novel idea.
US population overall:
324 million people
87% local born X 324,000,000 = 281,880,000
13% foreign born X 324,000,000 = 42,120,000
US prison population:
2.3 million people
10% federal inmates X (75% local born + 25% foreign born)
+ 90% state & local inmates X (96% local born + 4% foreign born)
=
7.5% + 86.4% local born
+ 2.5% + 3.6% foreign born
=
93.9% local born X 2,300,000 = 2,159,700
5.1% foreign born X 2,300,000 = 117,300
Foreign born incarceration rate
117,300 / 42,120,000 = 0.278%
Local born incarceration rate
2,159,700 / 281,880,000 = 0.766%
So, the incarceration rate among the US-born is 2.75 times that among the foreign-born?Report
You’ve convinced me that the numbers mean nothing. Not really but i’ll say it for you.Report
Of course they mean nothing – they support a conclusion other than the one you’ve already drawn.
I mean, you could do further research, check my numbers (I grabbed those from what Kolohe quoted plus a real quick google search – they could be off, or I could be misinterpreting them. I wasn’t going to spend all morning on this.)
Or you could just roll with what you already “know”.Report
The only reason I didn’t go further with the state numbers like you did was that the state numbers were listed as ‘not US Citizen’ vice ‘foreign born’ (4%, so I think we looked at the same links). All ‘not US citizens’ are foreign born, but not all foreign born are ‘not US citizen’ (i.e. naturalization)Report
And the reason notme’s source didn’t go further with state numbers is that the selecting only federal numbers skews the result to make a compelling point, even if they don’t actually reflect useful reality.
As always, beware of data sets with arbitrary-looking categories our boundaries. I still say we need some sort of basic numeracy and skepticism training in our primary schools.Report
Oh, I just went with your figures for inmate citizenship and federal vs. non-federal place of incarceration – but missed the citizenship vs. place of birth distinction. I looked up total prison population and gen-pop.Report
If you still think your stat means something useful, I have to ask: Why are you more concerned with federal crimes specifically than with federal + state crime overall? Is there something particularly bad about federal crimes?Report
Clearly the conclusion to draw from those numbers is that foreigners are committing tons of crimes and they’re better at not getting caught than the natives. This is indeed an emergency.Report
Neoliberalism and society: “girls and young women routinely alter the photos they post to make themselves look smoother and slimmer. Some phones, using their “beauty” settings, do it for you without asking; now you can become your own thinspiration.” Yeah, ’cause of capitalism and our consumerist societies. Sure. Nothing to do with evolutionary biology. Please….
I guess I’m an outlier. I don’t care about the pack, as long as the pack isn’t coming to my house with pitchforks and torches. I can go weeks without social interaction, excluding work. I’m fine on my own. This article seems to be conflating crapping economic stagnation with all the problems in society. Those problems existed before……Report
Damon,
not the girls’ fault that guys are dumb. Despite years upon years (millenia) of makeup use, guys still don’t look under it.Report
Oh, don’t get me started on the tunnel vision of males. And dear god, don’t include alcohol.
🙂Report
Maybe not “dumb,” maybe “irrationally hopeful”?
Just like the eons of women who married a guy saying “I’ll change him” when the reality is he won’t change unless he darn well wants to (or has an exceptionally good reason to, which is sometimes the same thing)Report
filly,
Men are making judgments about reproductive fitness based on paint.
The dumber the guy, the more likely he is to be attracted to girls merely and simply because of how they look (and not what they actually look like).
It’s alpha male behavior, the type that gets trophy wives and cheats with a mistress. “I get the prettiest.”
Women developing makeup has done a lot to make alpha males a lot dumber than they were previously (This is not to say that all women that wear makeup are dumb, certainly).Report
So, the obvious corellary is a program that makes guys dicks look bigger.Report
Of course, foot binding in imperial China was also due to neoliberalism. That’s how insidious neoliberalism is. It transcends time and space.Report
The economic growth over happiness essay is sort of my problem with economics in a nutshell. What’s the point of growth if people are emotionally drained and miserable?Report
So they aren’t starving, disease ridden, ill clothed, and homeless? We can solve material problems even if we are struggling with emotional ones.Report
Money may not buy happiness, but it can buy food, shelter, clothes, medical care, education, etc.
Real hard to find happiness when everyday is a struggle for basic survival.Report
Exactly, it’s the emotional equivalent of FDR’s observation that a necesitous person is not a free person. Like I noted above, people endured some very abusive or bad marriages in the past because of the need for survival.Report
Just as a side note, have you met populations that have had their needs met without struggle?
Have you seen what happens when those populations then have to struggle to survive?Report
Define ‘struggle’. There’s? a difference between spending everyday working to find food & water & making/maintaining protection from the elements, and what we do in the deveoped world.Report
Well that’s a good point. But really in the spectrum of struggle it distills to what is a tangible gain, coupled with what is work, and in the modern or undeveloped world are the terms so different?
My other point that if needs of life are provided and not pursued, what kind of world are you developing?Report
I was making a specific claim about the utility of “money” with regard to the utility of pursuing happiness.
Personally I think there is a psychological/emotional value in working towards meeting basic survival needs, but the ideal amount of work that provides that value is not only highly variable amongst a population, it is also highly variable with time & societal development (& probably a half dozen other variables, like education, family, etc).Report
This is true, but it appeared to me in the claim there was no regard to associate effort/struggle/work into the utility. I suppose it could be considered without that parameter.
In that, I may have jumped to a waypoint too far ahead to be obvious, but in this relation between the utility of money, or the provisioning it can buy, is it ok to seperate the parameters of struggle from happiness?
If we used automation/robotics to mandatory provision for every human need/want/desire, would humans be happy? Would the human species even survive the experience? According to some ideologies that would be a perfect freedom.
I would say the even minor achievements that folks make in there pursuit of gain have a lot to do with happiness. Whether it’s the folks gathering sticks to build a hut or some future space pirate that fixes a hole in his house that occurred from some unfortunate accident.Report
I guess also to be consistent to what I mentioned in the past, I think happiness has much to do with the subjective value of the individual means of production one is engaged in, and what is available.Report
I think that even if automation could satisfy Maslow, people would find labors to satisfy that emotional need (even if it is something as simple as preparing meals). The question is do we require that some percentage of those labors benefit the community, or can they all be solely for the self with no regard for society at large.Report
I am very much with you there, and have a very parallel question.
Is happiness a individual construct?
I haven’t reached very concrete conclusions. I think for some happiness can be solely a individual construct. Others it may be a individual construct but require engagement and interaction with society to fully realize it. For some I suppose it could manifest solely as a social construct.
That last one I have no understanding of, yet I would wager that those people exist. That their happiness would only exist when they are around other people.Report
I’m of the mind that it is purely individual, but that social interaction can contribute so profoundly to an individuals happiness that it becomes difficult to understand the strictly internal nature of it to the self.Report
That sounds pretty accurate in describing most folks.Report
I wonder how well this generalizes. One of life’s necessities is oxygen. Am I being deprived of the opportunity for true happiness since I can just stand here and breathe without having to pay someone for the privilege? Are asthmatics inherently happier than the rest of us when they struggle to draw breath?Report
That’s a good point, and anecdotally I played a lot of sports with an asthmatic. He made quarterback of our team, and he handled it in a way that was hardly noticeable.
I always wondered if his achievements didn’t mean a little more than mine. He was certainly a happy kid, even moreso when we won games. He was a hell of a basketball player also.
But that doesn’t answer your question which was:
Am I being deprived of the opportunity for true happiness since I can just stand here and breathe without having to pay someone for the privilege?
I don’t know well enough your individual constructs to measure this as a depravity to your happiness.
Would it make you happy for someone to be there around the clock to compress and expand your chest to breath, in effect their actions breathing for you?
Just for the sake of argument would it make you happy that an altruist someone would give up their lungs and perish that you may live ‘normal’?
Again, I would propose we are back to individual constructs territory of what happiness is.Report
https://youtu.be/gzbIrb7LUJAReport
(
*cough*
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/lists/The-breathing-tax-and-10-other-ridiculous-air-travel-charges/
)Report
Happiness is closely tied to a sense of purpose, no? Working for necessities hones our sense of purpose. It’s not the only thing to do so, but it does achieve that.Report
That article included about thirty arguments, some good, some bad. The strongest one is that happiness indices only measure how people rate their happiness on a scale, not their actual happiness. He also makes the valid point that we’ve seen declines in absolute poverty at the same time we’ve seen growth at the upper end.
But he just keeps dumping points into the article without thinking them through. So he never addresses the possibility that increased economic growth over a certain threshold doesn’t increase happiness for those earners.Report
To the extent that happiness is also a positional good, I’m not sure that trying to make people happier will necessarily work.
And that’s even assuming that we know how to make people happier.Report
Attempts to make people happier enough mass in the past had some rather horrific results. Better to leave people’s emotional lives to themselves.Report
They weren’t *AUTHENTIC* attempts to make people happier.Report
Obviously the problem was that the penalties for being unhappy weren’t severe enough to cause people voluntarily choose to be happy.Report
The point is that nobody really understands how reliable this happiness survey data is, or what it actually means. It’s self-reported data, asked of people in countries with different cultures and different languages. Do cultural expectations of what you’re expected to feel or say affect how people answer questions? Do subtle connotational differences in the different translations of the questions affect how people answer them? Why is it that the countries with the highest self-reported happiness also have high suicide rates?Report
UK Innovation – I thought it was common knowledge how conservative Brits can be in certain regards)Report
The Communism for Kids book is a great idea.
If we’re not going to raise them Christian, we need to provide them with a new god to kill.Report
Let them Gaia, can’t stand being-pagans and their implicit anti-Judaism.Report
Well, if the Communism for Kids book fails, we can always explain that it wasn’t an *AUTHENTIC* Communism for Kids book.
“A Communism for Kids book has never been tried!”, we can assert.Report
We inoculate children for diseases they could get later in life, so maybe a Communism for Kids book would be a good idea.Report
In some versions, the Little Red Hen shares her bread (or cake).
In some versions, the Little Red Hen keeps the bread (or cake).
Now I’m vaguely tempted to see if there is any correlation between keep/share and bread/cake.Report
Is there a version where the lazy animals who won’t help her band together, kill her, take the bread, and then later starve because they’re too darned lazy to make more bread?
(My father, the libertarian…. I learned a lot of stories from him. The version of the little red hen I got was “them that won’t work shouldn’t eat.”)Report
The Little Khmer Rouge Hen? My 2-year old loves that one. He has issues.Report
Does he have an older brother who wears glasses?Report
@fillyjonk
Well, I think your father’s version is the second one I mention. And I was in no way joking that both versions of the story and can be found in print. In fact, one enterprising individual did a double-version with both stories in order to provide a more “explicit” teaching tool about the various values in the story.
One year, I asked my kids what they thought was fair and we had a really fascinating conversation. Like adults, they couldn’t agree on a unified vision of what would have been the “right” thing to do.Report
Remember when we argued about the Little Red Hen back in 2009?
Good times.Report
Ha! I don’t think I was around back then… or at least not during that convo. Skimming the convo, I do wonder if you and Ryan read the same version.
FWIW, my (quasi-joking) point was that a book doesn’t need to be as explicit as “Communism for Kids”.Report
We (or at least I) haven’t heard much about microfinance since whatshisface won his Nobel Prize. And even back then, there were criticisms.
I’m not sure that microfinance is all that feasible for developped world would-be entrepreneurs currently in poverty (and with limited social capital as well). The capital requirements to get most businesses off the ground to self sustaining are much much higher than they are in the developing world – it’s practically the definition of the difference between the developed world and developing.
Though of course, there’s plenty of entrepreneurship in immigrant communities in the US. But a big factor in that is social capital (and powering through a generation that won’t see much in return, but their kids will)Report
Perhaps it’s worth asking what about the developed world causes capital requirements to be so much higher.Report
Well, like I said, I think it goes to the very features that make an economy ‘developed’. When you have an economic system with high productivity and high efficiency, it takes either an enormous amount of capital to compete with existing businesses in an established market (notionally at some meta stable equilibrium) or it takes something really ‘disruptive’ in tech or business model or both to create a new market (and/or one with a new meta stable equilibrium)Report
Leasing puppies! Leasing puppies!
With collectors if you can’t pay your debts!Report
A while ago I thought it would be interesting if somebody had a “cute puppies visit your office” type of business, but then I realized that after years of competition and consolidation, the end result would probably be a couple of big, vertically integrated companies that churn out puppies in puppy mills and then grind them up to sell as fertilizer as soon as they’re too grown up to serve the cuteness rental function.Report
tf,
Leasing puppies means that you can have obscene levels of debt service (as they aren’t considered loans). Great business, made tons of money.Report
DD,
Cost of Living. If you make a solid business every 10 weeks, you don’t need to care about it, of course.
(A friend of mine starts businesses as art projects, if you can believe it.).Report
Re: happiness
Now that I have a bit more coffee in me. I agree with what everyone wrote above and that economic growth does produce the ability for people to get food and water, shelter, clothing, etc and it is impossible to be happy without those things.
Still I am enough of a lefty to believe that corporations can do use the threats of misery and starvation to keep people subservient. I wrote an essay for this for OT but my experience in doing employment law and intakes is a lot of people out there believe that they are overworked and underpaid (this doesn’t mean they have a valid claim for a wage & hour violation but that they believe their salary does not match the time spent at work).
So I do think there is something (but perhaps the French go too far) to the idea of shutting down at a certain time and that working 60-80 hours a week is going to lead to less productivity in the long run. I’ve seen people make a lot of silly mistakes because they are under rested and have too many things on your plate at once.
But as Americans we seem to think that long hours are naturally good and I think the essay “economic growth over happiness” is part of the problem. There was a “Do you want to be in the workhouse?” Victorian sneer to the essay. Plus I consider paid punditry to be a lightweight job of often hectoring morality.Report
Oh, ye of little imagination.
I mind not the corporation that scoops up the most desperate to work for it.
I mind the corporation that actively destroys in order to create people desperate enough to work for it.Report
I take heart that companies are starting to see the value in not overworking their employees and that younger companies are experimenting with different work cultures to find a better work-life balance.
Now that I work for the big German S-Corp, I am enjoying a more European set of attitudes regarding time off (Oh, you are taking two weeks to go to Maui, awesome! Here’s what we need before you leave, & no, we don’t expect you to be available during the trip.)Report
So there was an underground explosion and fire in Toronto’s financial district, and lots of bankers ignored evacuation orders and stayed at their desks to tap away at their keyboards.
Which, even as a totally inhumane employer with no concern for anything but extracting maximum labour from my minions, I’d be livid – they chose to risk serious injury or death to get a couple extra hours of work in – potentially sacrificing future years of work (years I would theoretically feel are “mine” and therefore not the employee’s to choose to risk).
The terrible risk management also would lead me to doubt whether they should never be in allowed to make risk decisions with my institution’s money.
http://www.macleans.ca/news/canada/what-a-downtown-explosion-says-about-torontos-workaholic-bankers/Report
You are looking at it wrong! If they evacuated, a banker that wasn’t evacuated a few blocks away would gain a competitive advantage and make millions from those bankers being offline for a while.
PS this is why humans suck at risk assessment.Report
That is what I am talking about.
Yes money is good but the problem with the all Hail economics crowd is that they want us to do nothing but pursue the dollar.Report
Then. Choose. Not. To.Report
My boss kicks out any engineer he notices working anywhere close to the same hours he does and makes them go home for the day.Report
The pure political cynicism being expressed by the House GOP is absolutely astounding. Leadership is trying to push thru a bill which had 17% popular support and was projected to kick 24 million Americans off their coverage plans by making it worse via the inclusion of a provision allowing states to eliminate community rating for folks with pre-existing conditions. The new bill hasn’t been scored by the CBO and in fact hasn’t even been written. All premised on the desire to show they know how to govern back-stopped by the full expectation the Senate will gut it. Unbelievable.Report
“This bill is highly imperfect, imperfect, okay? There’s no doubt about that,” Rep. Mario Diaz-Balart said after supporting the legislation.
The Florida Republican — who represents a competitive district — waited until the last 24 hours to come on board. He cited conversations with senators who vowed to address his concerns about how to handle the tens of thousands of his constituents who are signed up for the ACA insurance exchanges.
“Is this bill good? No, I don’t like it,” Diaz-Balart said. But he suggested that voting for the bill would allow him to be part of future negotiations: “So my decision was, how do I stay involved?”Report
Now that is a real profile in courage. I’m guessing spine replacement is covered, although never requested, under congresses health plan.Report
Apparently there’s video of Trump telling Australian PM Turnbull today – the day the voted to gut HC for 24 million people – “you have better healthcare than we do.”
They have single payer.Report
@oscar-gordon @joe-sal
I agree that there is value to work and that there is a lot of subjectivity in what is and what is not happiness.
Yet I think that there are parts of American society that make it hard to get along if one’s definitions of happiness involves less work while still living decently.
We’ve discussed it before. The bankers in the article DragonFrog linked to are paid well and that might be what they want but I also think they are probably overstressed and under slept and take it out on others.Report
Imagine how much more we could achieve politically? if people could just focus on realizing their own happiness instead of feeling compelled to concern themselves with how others find happiness (with the obvious do no harm caveat).Report
American society is not an island anymore. I know working less and still living decently is a desire, and we had a pretty good run during the cottage industry era, but trade went much more global. Our markets are no longer isolated locally.
To compete in the global labor market means competing with various global wage rates. To compete with automation requires something entirely different than participation in the global-automated production market. To survive people will have to reinvent direct trade. They will have to find a way to revive base capitalism.
I know you and Lee have a strong desire to see a type of democratic socialism. Even in that model if you socialized all the corporations and firms overnight, you would still have the same problem inherent in the modern corporate-state capitalism. A terrible rate of capital formation at the base level, and a huge number of barriers to individual means of production.
You could pick the meat off the bones for awhile, but eventually you have to kickstart base capital formation again. Things aren’t really going to recover for commoners or even the slightly better of than the rabble, until that happens.
It’s hard to tell what is going on with those bankers. There may be some preference for them to stay, even at risk to there life. They may be at a particular point in time where they had a ‘opened the treasure chest and are scooping gold coins into their accounts’ scenario going on.
Without knowing more, it is hard to parse if they are workaholics or opportunists in a slice of time.
Just know you are not alone. Much of the country is feeling the squeeze. Managers taking it out on others is nothing new, I have been around all kinds of settings, industrial, commercial and civil, there tends to be one of those managers everywhere. It is almost a blessing when you find a place that doesn’t have one.
What is supposed to be a virtue of free markets, is that spontaneous order and attraction is supposed to reward the good manager and inflict demand destruction on the jerk manager. Rigid unfree markets don’t often work that way, and the timescales to displace one of those characters can be decades.
Also keep in mind just because someone works a lot doesn’t mean they are within the context of what you may think is workaholicism. You appear to be a man of the arts. I know in design things new and artful, inspiration can hit you at anytime, and you have to let the ideas and art run its course. If that takes twenty hours, it takes twenty hours. It can be far from a beast of burden condition.
When my 3D printer arrived, I spent about four weeks in a design art storm. Barely resting and 3D modeling to an extreme. It was a thrilling experience, but I had to slow down or risk burning out.Report
Good news, everyone! They’ve found a way to monetize the unused embryos from after IVF!
The secret is: they turn them into jewelry.Report
Re: Healthcare bill
Why was 217 votes sufficient? Aren’t there 435 Reps?Report
I believe there are 4 unfilled seats. One is Price’s seat in GA that had the much talked about primary a couple weeks ago.Report
So it’s just a majority of the filled seats? Got it.Report
So long as there’s a quorum, which is a majority of the Members (half of 435 minus vacant seats, rounded up).Report