Krauthammer & Me: The American Constitution Works
~by Tom Van Dyke
It’s ugly and it’s inefficient, but: Krauthammer echoes my own admiration for the American system of federal government—national, yet federal, as in sharing power with the more local level, the states:
"Of all the endlessly repeated conventional wisdom in today’s Washington, the most lazy, stupid, and ubiquitous is that our politics is broken. On the contrary. Our political system is working well (I make no such claims for our economy), indeed, precisely as designed — profound changes in popular will translated into law that alters the nation’s political direction. The process has been messy, loud, disputatious, and often rancorous. So what? In the end, the system works. Exhibit A is Wisconsin. Exhibit B is Washington itself."
I often read prescriptions for "reforming" the federal structure framed by James Madison, et al., usually tending more toward popular democracy and/or the parliamentary system.
Yet our House of Representatives, with its 2-year terms, already incorporates the best feature of parliamentary democracy, government responsiveness and accountability to popular sentiment. But, as states with term limits have learned, a revolving door of wave-riders and dilettantes is no way to run a government.
Enter the Senate:
Madison in the Federalist Papers, #62, learning from the great republics of Carthage, Sparta and Rome [explained in #63] that "The necessity of a senate is not less indicated by the propensity of all single and numerous assemblies to yield to the impulse of sudden and violent passions."
Hoo, boy, did Mr. Madison get that one right. A parliamentary system would have swept a Tea Party government into power in 2010. The Senate, and its slow turnover with 6-year terms per Madison was the only thing that held it in check, since a parliamentary system would also have swept in a Chief Executive with zero inclination to exercise his veto on anything they legislated.
Opponents of "gridlock" ought to thank their stars just about now.
To federalism—the sharing of power with the states: Up in Wisconsin we are witnessing the results of states as "the laboratories of democracy.” New governor Scott Walker arguably moved too fast along Tea Party lines versus the public unions. However, his Democrat opponents—in a state that Barack Obama carried @ 56%—used Wisconsin’s recall laws to put Walker’s impetuousness to the electoral test, but failed to refudiate him. Something’s going on in Wisconsin that the people like, or don’t hate enough to halt it.
Further, in 2006 then-Gov. Mitt Romney responded the will of the Massachusettsean people to "do something" about rising healthcare costs. Hence Romneycare, which either failed or worked depending on who you ask. [Note to self: insert links here. Self: Oh, let ’em google it for themselves. Most and the best of yr gentle readers are already up on it anyway. These are smart people. And the rest don’t care about facts anyway.]
Regardless, it was entirely proper for any governor of Massachusetts [the only state that voted for George McGovern in 1972] to be responsive to the will of its people, which was to seek a government solution. Hey, by some, many or most accounts, it works all over the Western World. Worth a try.
I do think the republic as planned over 200 years ago works—a combination of brilliance and sure, of luck. Our House has its thumb on the pulse of popular sentiment and new developments, a Senate to chill them down, and the states to give innovations a dry run on the smaller scale.
In that chokingly hot summer statehouse of Pennsylvania in 1787, with the doors and windows closed so no one outside could hear, Mr. Madison & The Framers done OK.
Next up: The Electoral College. Heh heh.
In the end, the system works. Exhibit A is Wisconsin.
If that’s the system working maybe the real problem is that an awful lot of the people don’t seem to like the system because they feel that it’s been gamed to dilute their influence.Report
I agree, I doubt the founders thought the answer was to run away from voting like spoiled kids to stop your opponent.Report
Isn’t that what Aaron Burr did?Report
And Honest AbeReport
The system has been gamed to dilute their influence.
The Founders were not particularly fond of rule by the “mob” and very clearly distrusted amalgamations of voters using the power of democracy to vote themselves special advantages. They wanted to play factions off against one another so that factions would only gain advantage when their advantage was actually in the public interest.
In the case of private labor unions, the interests of corporate management is an effective — I’m sure you’d argue too effective — counterbalance. But who or what is the counterbalance to public sector unions?
Also note that Republicans hung on to the Senate in Wisconsin. By one seat, but they did hang on to it. If the results of elections, and particularly recall elections as envisioned by the Progressives (a movement which started in Wisconsin, natch) reflects the popular will, then 4 out of 6 Republicans voting with Scott Walker did so in harmony with the will of the majority in their districts.Report
The counterbalance is the government. Now, just as in other companies in other nations, the relationship can be good, bad, or indifferent, but this conservative meme that ‘ OMG the public sector unions are so powerful’ is nonsense. If public sector unions were so powerful, maybe they’d actually be paid more than private sector workers in the same field with the same experience.
As for the spin on the recalls, here’s my response. In the whole of the last 100 years, only 13 state legislators have been recalled. Last Tuesday, two were. Also, all of these recalls were in leaning-red to plain out red territory.
Now, the results aren’t as good as I wanted, but to throw it away as a loss is silly. Now, the power in the legislature no longer is in the hands of Scott Walker and the Fitzgerald clan, but in the hands of Dale Schultz. Which is an improvement.Report
Here’s that argument again, and it’s still crap:
Public sector employees are paid by the government who is responsible to us and the government *is* us therefore they’re negotiating against the public good.
As opposed to Private sector employees who are paid by the corporation who is responsible to the shareholders who are us and… wait. What was the argument again?Report
I would prefer New Zealand’s constitution to our own. I am pleased to let Elias Isquith, Robert Kuttner, Kevin Drum et al have their way for four years as long as my confederates have four years to repair their work.Report
New Zealand does not have a constitution as such.Report
It does have a body of constitutional law.
It has a unicameral legislature and the head of state has no practical authority to veto legislation. Someone is actually truly and visibly responsible for public policy and public policy can be made without interminable negotiations. There are other agreeable features of Kiwi institutions: the electoral calendar differentiates national and local elections, supplementary allocations from party lists contain the ill effects of gerrymandering, elections are scheduled such that your parliamentarians can spend more time legislating and investigating and less time fundraising and campaigning, and you do not have insuperable barriers to entry for third parties.
The trouble we have with discussions of this nature here in this country is that the left defines well functioning institutions as institutions that can be relied upon to give them what they want and frustrate the opposition in any and all circumstances. The right has done what a good husband does: defined what is optimal as what they have.Report
Tom- another really excellent post. I’d argue something, but I agree with it totally.Report
You really didn’t address many of the complaints people have which lead us to think our system is a bit broken. One of the common examples, whihc both parties use, is the anonmous hold in the senate. Senators can prevent one of the many federal level officails from even getting a vote for confirmation anonmously. That gives individual senators great power to extracte pork often without even having to own up to it. That is not in the constitution but it is one of the senate rules. In fact many of the comlpaints people have aren’t about the Constitution but about the rules the congress has developed.
A common liberal complaint during the last 3 years has been the R drive to block every D initiative through the use of the veto threat or holds. The use of the veto and holds in the last 3 years are not the Constitution per se but the rules of the congress. The big C does not say a minority can prevent a majority from doing anything at all or say a super-majority is required for any legislation.
If you are a fan of sclerotic gov, as i would say we have now, you are also a fan of the permanent security state, the WOD, permanent AG subsidies, keeping the DOE, and doing nothing significant to change the budget deficit. All the veto points in our system make it close to impossible to change some parts of our system. I have no doubt that a more changeable system would hurt both parties interests in some way but it would also make the parties accountable if they actually got some of the big changes they wanted.Report
Cheers, Mr. Kelly. Mr. Gregniak, I see your point, and I’m not married to the Senate’s non-filibuster filibuster rule. [Literal filibusters ala Mr. Smith Goes to Washington are no longer necessary; the gentlemen’s agreement is that one side merely threaten one and deny the 60 votes need for cloture.]
However, there will be times when a 40-plus seat Senate minority is all that stands in the way of getting steamrolled by the other side. On those occasions, the party benefiting should be grateful, per the core point of this post.
That may well be the situation after 2012.
As for the rest of your laundry list of issues, were there a consensus for your POV, that’s the way it would be. (Not even in Western Europe, where even “conservatives” are [Bill] Clinton Democrats, is that laundry list fulfilled.)
Me, I’m in favor of ugly consensus over bland majoritarianism. Should a Dem Senate minority be the only thing to stand in the way of some Tea Party steamroller post-2012, I promise not to kick about it, goose and gander.Report
If you are a fan of sclerotic gov, as i would say we have now, you are also a fan of the permanent security state, the WOD, permanent AG subsidies, keeping the DOE, and doing nothing significant to change the budget deficit.
There are though, some procedural brakes to letting things go on indefinitely. For instance, one of the more expensive parts of the security state, the US Army, is only allowed to go on for two years without action.
Let’s not forget, Obama had in his power to let all the Bush Tax Cuts (TM) expire at the end of last year. (unless one believes there would have been enough for a veto override, which I don’t). He did not want to pay the political price for it.Report
Actually, he cut a deal to make sure people didn’t lose their unemployment insurance, the START treaty got ratified, and DADT repeal went through fully. Now, you may or may not agree with the trade-off, but it wasn’t just he didn’t want to pay the political price for them.
Also, Obama has never said he wants all of the tax cuts to expire. Social democrats like me I do, but Obama, like the majority of the American people want the top tax bracket to go back to the socialist rates of the mid-90’s. 🙂Report
Actually, there was nothing wrong with the Articles of Confederation. The so-called ‘convention’ was supossed to be designed just to make certain corrections in the beloved Articles. Why did they ‘close’ the doors and not allow the press or the citizenry, well maybe because there was devilry afoot!Report
No sir, no sir, no sir. If there were angels, then the Framers did the work of angels in 1787 and we all owe them a debt of gratitude. The AOC’s were so weak states were literally sending troops across one anothers’ borders to enforce duties; the national government was perpetually short of money because the several states all contributed to it only voluntarily; consequently, they spent more time trying to arm their own militias to use against each other than they did raising money to pay for a real navy to protect themselves against a still-resentful Britian, an ambitious and legitimately-hungry-for-repayment France, a tottering but still powerful Spain, and a far-from negligible Holland. Not to mention the corsairs of the Barbary Coast. We needed and still need a strong enough central government to govern the entire nation. Otherwise, we’d be Europe West still — and parts of us would be in the Commonwealth yet.Report
Oh my, Burt, and we usually concur on things. Alas, human nature being what it is.
The litany of maladies and problems you mention could easily and publically been corrected all without significant changes in the document without establishing the possibility of a strong general gummint which the Constitution permitted.
So, let us give three loud ‘huzzahs’ to those great Americans, the Anti-Federalists , the beloved Tertium Quids, the Great Nullifier, secesh of every stripe, and all true Americans who hold liberty dear!Report
Concur is the right word, Mr. Cheeks, rather than agree. I’ll join you in celebrating the anti-Federalists, though, for without their principled efforts we’d not have the Bill of Rights. Let’s hear it for George Mason, Mercy Otis Warren, Patrick Henry, and George Clinton. Like the Framers, they too were patriots who contributed to today’s regime of ordered liberty.Report
Though what George Clinton really wanted was a Parliament.Report
(head explodes)Report
The Bill of Rights is badly written, hence endless controversy.Report
Mr. Likko, ace fisk on the failure of the Articles of Confederation gov’t. Salut.Report
Indeed, Patrick Henry and the other Anti-Federalists smelt a rat.Report
Indeed! As a result the true American motto is: Keep you guns close and your ammo dry!Report
” But, as states with term limits have learned, a revolving door of wave-riders and dilettantes is no way to run a government.”
I disagree with this, and I’m sorta surprised you buy into this, Mr. Van Dyke. I’m not in favor of dilettantism, of course, but I am in favor of intelligent hard working amateurs running the ‘board of directors’ of government. If we need to have professional politicians to have a republic. then we can’t have a republic – or won’t, after a while.Report
We have professionals running everything else on the planet, why not government? Sorry, the idea of the citizen legislator died back when being a legislator became a full-time job.
The only thing term limits do is make lobbyists even more powerful because guess what, there are no term limits for lobbyists so they never leave.Report
Agree, more or less. If a politician is corrupt enough that s/he would inspire one to propose term limits, either the people will vote their butt out of office or, feeling that it’s overall worth it to have the SOB anyway, they won’t. That’s a choice they’ve a right to make. Besides, as George Wallace showed, a term limit doesn’t keep a kingpin from running the show.Report
Or Vladimir Putin.
Semi serious question: Should we have professional voters, too?
Completely serious proposal: One Senator from each state should be selected by lottery from a list of volunteers.
Addendum – regardless of the expertise that is or is not required, there is still the fact that the particular legislators (and executives) in office are not, in the main, indispensable people. The pool of expertise, experience, and talent that *could* be members of Congress (and the state legislatures) is far larger than the pool that actually is a member. Particularly with the House, for example, having an 80% re-election rate in good times and bad. (I believe the state houses are somewhat similar).
Plus, for example, if Ted Kennedy would have retired in 2006, after 44 years of faithful service, the Democrats would have not had to have a special election in a political head wind. And retained a fillibuster proof majority for a few more months. (and Byrd turning over to a new generation would have extended it for a few more)Report
Actually, I’m in favor of compulsory voting. I realize it’d be completely unconstitutional, but hey, some conservatives want an amendment to allow school prayer. Works well in Australia and to head off complaints, conservatives even manage to win there. 😛
As for the rest, yes, I like continuity within in an institution. One problem we saw with the recent new GOP congressman is they didn’t know how negotiations with an opposing party actually work and as a result, we almost went into default.
As for your final point, yeah, bad timing happens. That still doesn’t mean any legislator who continues to receive popular support should be tossed out of office based on an arbitrary number of terms or an age.Report
I honestly don’t see how compulsory voting is unconstitutional. Can you elucidate?Report
13th Amendment.Report
The what now? Are you conflating expectation of civic responsibility with slavery? Seriously? I’ve heard the “taxes are slavery” line but this is a new one. Is voting then labor? And arguably just as in all these cases you’re free to not vote as long as you do not wish to be a citizen. Nobody is going to say “You must remain an American and you must vote”. I don’t see it, sorry.Report
Interstate Commerce?Report
Taxation power. Create a tax that is deducted if you vote.Report
I am pretty sure I am going to be the lone elitist saying this here, but I am not sure that mandating that everybody vote is a good thing.
If you don’t care, don’t feel like you know enough to make an informed decision, or just can’t be bothered to get up from the couch to engage in 2 minutes of democracy, I don’t covet you being a bigger part of the system. And if you’re not voting to make a statement, then I say you should be able to make that statement.Report
Fine. More reason to go to STV or something similar and institute “None Of The Above” as a viable option. People who can’t be arsed vote NOTA and all is well. Next?Report
I’m not sure that people who aren’t engaged enough to vote now would pick “NOA” if forced to vote. And I’m not sure that those people, once forced, would decide to become actively engaged in being better informed citizens.
And I’m not convinced that having them vote for whoever under those circumstances adds a positive to our democracy.Report
I’m not sure that a voting populous which is “informed” largely by campaign commercials and talk radio is positive either but that’s what we have now. I’m more than willing to give the other option a run for a while.Report
So then what do you see the gain is by making voting mandatory? Do you perceive different outcomes than we get currently, or do you think we’ll get the same but the results will be more “pure” (not the best word, I know, I am having a hard time thinking of one…. “authentic” maybe?), or do you foresee the populace deciding to become better informed over time if voting is mandatory?Report
Short answer: Yes.
I think that people will have a stake and will take it more seriously over time. Eventually we will have a more active and informed population.Report
I think you give people far too much credit.Report
Actually, I have a radical idea. Less positions up for election. Part of the reason why people show up in other countries for elections is they’re only making only a few votes. For their member of Parliament, maybe a member of the upper house, and a city council member. They’re not voting for judges, 18 proposiitons, a country council member, a coroner, and a sheriff.Report
NoPublic: I think we disagree that mandatory voting would accomplish it, but I think we have the same end-result goal.Report
I’d prefer same-day registration and even a national holiday on voting days to mandated voting itself. Just make it much easier for people to vote if they’re so inclined.Report
There is a law that bars be closed on Election Day (in Colorado anyway).Report
I assume they can open when the polls close, right? RIGHT?!Report
In doing research, I see that the law has since been repealed (it was only a few years ago that we got our Blue Laws repealed, I assume it happened then).
Find out about *YOUR* state here:
http://www.uselections.com/faq_electday.htm#4Report
I’d be on board for that, for sure in any case.Report
some conservatives want an amendment to allow school prayer.
After a board of judges decided that to extinguish the local option of school districts and
1. Declare that a clause which reads, “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof” applies to an organ of local government, and
2. Declare that a schoolteacher uttering a generic prayer is an activity equivalent to compulsory tithing and fines for recusancy.
If we had an honest judiciary, no amendment would be necessary.Report
I think you will find on inspection that lobbyists require time to develop relationships with legislators.Report
> Sorry, the idea of the citizen legislator
> died back when being a legislator
> became a full-time job.
Given that they spend half their time raising money, and that the legislative process puts people on committees based upon something other than their competency and basic knowledge of the subject under committee, I think that you can take steps to alleviate this problem. Somewhat.Report
I’ll throw this out.
The separation-of-powers doctrine is very expensive. The philosophy of dividing powers extends to dividing our intelligence networks and law enforcement agencies, both federal and state. Wouldn’t it be cheaper and easier to combine the entire intelligence community into two or three agencies?
And why shouldn’t we join the other Anglo-speaking nations and go parliamentary? Why should we deal with these two houses when one would do?
On the other hand, the system as its set up forces current voters to confront their former selves (the people who voted in 2008 are not the ones who voted in 2010).
DUReport
Italy — 61 governments in 66 years.Report
There’s plenty of parliamentary systems that have had solid governmental records.Report
Italy doesn’t count. There is dysfunction in politics, and then there’s Italy. It’s almost as though they enjoy it.Report
You are confounding ‘separation of powers’ with federalism. Division of tasks between central, provincial, and local government is pretty much universal, bar in small insular countries and city-states. An elective executive with a veto over legislation, bicameralism, and judicial review are not universal.
It is the federal government which maintains 16 separate intelligence services. The state and local governments do not have intelligence services. That problem has little to do with separation of powers or federalism, but with the unwillingness of politicians to adjudicate between competing bureaucracies and with problems inherent in constructing an intelligence gathering apparat.
And you are right, the whole business imposes tremendous transactions costs while making it difficult or impossible to fix responsibility for much of anything. It is difficult to see the benefits of it by making comparative assessments and defenders of the system are commonly wont to quote the prospective (and thus speculative) rationales offered in The Federalist, as if no one’s experience with constitutional government in the intervening centuries mattered.
Of the thirty or so most durable constitutional systems, a grand total of four (the United States, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, and Botswana) make use of separation of powers. Bicameralism is modal, not universal; bicameralism where the legislative chambers have equal powers is atypical; bicameralism where the upper house is the more influential is unique. I suspect you would have to undertake a most extensive inquiry ‘ere you would discover an appellate judiciary as officious as the one we’ve got.
The notion that Mr. Madison et al concocted the optimal political order is hollow.Report
I rarely agree with Art Deco on anything, but I think that this may very well be his most lucidly written comment on this site. Honestly, I could not have said this better.Report
Seconded.Report
“A parliamentary system would have swept a Tea Party government into power in 2010.”
Why would a Tea Party movement have even existed if its historical antecedents had never existed?Report
Bingo. If we had a MMP parliamentary system with a strong executive, there’d probably be a long-running Libertarian Party that was the functional equivalent of the German FDP. The truth is, multi-party democracies are far less strikingly partisan than two-party democracies because it’s a lot harder to make 4 different parties, two of whom you’ll probably have to make deals with, the evil Other.Report
My main issue with multiparty democracies (excluding when they become permanent coalitions) is that you don’t know who the party you vote for is going to align themselves with in order to form a government. If I’m stuck between Republicans and Democrats, I know that one option includes this combination of things I agree with and don’t while this other option contains this other combination. In a multiparty system, if I vote for the Red Tory Party they could end up forming a government with the Liberal Heathen Party instead of the Blue Tory Party, when if given the choice I totally would have voted for the Blue Tory Party. Or less fictitiously, I might vote for the LDP because I prefer it to Labor, but the last thing I want is to hand power to the Conservatives. But I don’t know that’s what the LDP is going to do until after the election. Whereas I know by voting for a Republican for congress will end up being a vote for a Boehner speakership or a Democrat for a Pelosi speakership.Report
WT: LDP. WTF? LOL. LSMFT.—TVDReport
Errr, was I less than clear?Report
I get it. If I voted LDP, likely the last thing I wanted was to see the Tories in power; I’d rather have seen a coalition Labour-LDP government than a coalition Tory-LDP government. Similarly, if I were a Tory voter, I’d likely have preferred a Tory-Labour coalition to the one that actually formed.Report
That might be true in Israel and the Low Countries and perhaps some of the eastern European countries where the party system is inchoate. However, established multi-party systems tend to have a pattern of alignments which is generally predictable and which varies only on long cycles.Report
Doesn’t that go to the political culture rather than the form of government? And if it is the case that multi-party systems form durable alignments, aren’t those alignments typically bipolar? Even in the least-stable systems like Italy and Israel (and I suspect Iraq, although it’s too early to tell yet) the hyperfragmentation of parties tends to coalesce into pro- and anti-government factions.Report
If it fell into permanent (or semi-permanent) coalitions, I wouldn’t have a problem with it. But Jesse brings up Libertarians, which would likely not be in any permanent coalition (best case: a separation of the Red Libertarian and Blue Libertarian parties). Another case is the Bloc Quebecois, which is theoretically a left-leaning party but is largely outside the general bidirectional gamut.
(And, of course, there remains the the British example, wherein two left-of-center parties won and a right-of-center government was formed.)
In the case of permanent coalitions without fluidity, though, I can think of reasons it might be preferable, but I’m not sure how it would really be too different. Either way, it’s Coalition A or Coalition B.Report
You have a trade-off. Multiparty systems allow you to select an organization closer your preference, but with less liklihood that its program will be enacted.
Note, the coalitions might apply with regard to the national government but not provincial or local governments. Also, a multiparty system might allow competition to continue in localities which would be the exclusive property of one party or another under a two-party system.Report
That last one is a good point. In fact, I’ve been pondering a post on the subject for some time now. There are actually things we could do to move along those lines now, with our current Constitution.Report
Will, the mention of a Tea Party in a parliamentary system immediately made me think of the Bloc Quebecois. As I understand it, they do tend to be somewhat isolated by the nature of their agenda, but when they push for something that everyone sees as reasonable (i.e. anything that’s not separatism) they do okay and they have been able to form coalitions with the Liberals and NDP, which is why the Conservatives have been running adverts up here suggesting the Liberals support separatism. As a third party, maybe the Tea Party could do something similar?Report
Exactly, such a scenario wouldn’t have occurred in a historical vacuum, it would have been the culmination of sweeping Democrat rule. Which means Obama and co. would have had the opportunity to put their full agenda in place and either marginalize the Tea Party or be fully, justifiably responsible for a Tea Party coup.
Instead, we have two political bodies that are continually out of sync, people continue to get madder, and nothing continues to get done.Report
To Mr. Trizzlor, et al.: The Ratcheting Effect, unaddressed in the OP. On domestic policy, we had 2 major ratchets under FDR and LBJ, where their control and command of not only the government but of public sentiment resulted in “progressive” goals becoming the new status quo
Even the Tea Party, the sharpest edge of “conservatism” isn’t about rolling back the New Deal, or even significantly against rolling back the Great Society, which includes Medicare.
“Conservatism” is funny that way, and so is our structure of government.
Taking the long view here, a step back, you know, the 274-yr stare.
As for the rest of the schemes that came out of the woodwork, most were along the lines of “If you can’t win the game, change the rules.” I hear it, but don’t feel it.
I’m still open on the question of term limits. I didn’t vote for the man either time—although I voted Dukakis ’88 against GHWB—but it’s not self-evident to me that Bill Clinton should have been barred from running for a 3rd term, that the 22nd Amendment is a manifestly good idea.
I’m disinclined to muck with the Constitution any further with re-inventions and bright perfectionist ideas, absent a reeeeeeeeally strong case. As any author knows, there comes a point of monkeying with it that you only make your text worse, not better.Report
What’s your position on the 18th ammendment Tom?
A minor quibble: the elections in Wisconsin, with the Democrats retaining all of their recall challenged Senators and the GOP retaining most of theirs, seems to me to indicate not much beyond how hard it is to get recalls to work and how powerful incumbency is.
Beyond that quibble, however, I don’t have any issue with your post. Good job.Report
Thx, Mr. North. Put me down for repealing the 18th Amendment.Report
Cool, thanks for the clarification.Report
Mr. North, the 18th was meant as a joke [the 21st repealed it]. If you meant the 17th, I like the original idea per federalism that the state legislatures appoint the senators and in theory that senators would be more accountable and responsive to the states. But there was such a wave of states individually choosing popular election [as permitted by the Constitution] that repealing it would be moot, I think, so such talk is a waste of time except for perhaps a rueful stare back at another nail in the coffin for federalism.
I think the old way would be more fun and perhaps better, but the people chose otherwise.Report
Serves me right for googling ammendments in a hurry. Heh.Report
What’s your point? France reconstitutes its ministry about every 30 months, Canada about every three years, and Great Britain every four years. There is local variation in the cohesion of political parties and federation and in the array of such formations. Why is bad-as-it-gets your preferred example?Report
Cause we’re America, we’re ornery, and we are good at finding ways to muck it up? 🙂Report
I like this thought, though I still find Congressional gridlock excruciating. I’m reading a biography of Andrew Jackson now and it’s incredible to hear how many prominent Washington politicians of the time (Clay, Calhoun, Webster, etc) thought the end of democracy was near during the eight years of the Jackson presidency. He was turning the country into his fiefdom, defying the senate, and stomping on the constitution…so on and so forth. Seems a little over the top today. Much like how apocalyptic renderings of our current governmental problems will be seen in the future. America’s economy might be on a long-term decline in this globalized world, but I think our basic government structure will survive in tact for many many years.Report